The Netherlands (ALS70D) ALS70D, the Dutch National CAS Protocol, is asymmetrical. This means that the terminal equipment sends and receives different signals to perform call setup with respect to the near-end switch. Thus, two signaling diagrams are necessary to specify the protocol, one for the TCP placing calls (outbound), and one for the TCP receiving calls (inbound). The first table represents the signaling carried out by the outbound TCP. State Outbound AfBf (TCP) Direction Inbound AbBb (Network) Idle 10 \xdf 10 Seizure 00 10 The normal behavior after the outbound TCP signals seizure is the detection of a seizure acknowledged. However, call collision can occur, and the TCP can receive a seizure from the network as well. If the seizure from the network comes within a time of 200 ms from the original seizure, then the outbound TCP must send seizure acknowledged and receive a call. It will then behave as shown by the following table, describing the inbound TCP behavior. Seizure Acknowledge 00 \xdf 11 Here the inbound network side starts playing a dial tone on the voice channel, to mean that in-band (DTMF detectors) resources are available to receive the address information. Once it has detected the dial tone, the outbound side starts to send the address information. This can be done by mean of DTMF tones, or by pulse dial. If the method is pulse dial, the Bf bit is switched on (pulse on) and off (pulse off) repeatedly to signal each digit. Register signaling: digit spill DTMF 11 Register signaling: pulse dial 01 pulse on 11 00 pulse off 11 If the call is accepted, the inbound side plays a ring tone on the line and then flips the Ab bit to signal 01. Otherwise, it flips the Bb bit to signal 10 (idle). Ringing 00 \xdf 11 Answer - conversation state 00 \xdf 01 The outbound protocol can receive billing pulses, to signal that a unit of cost has been billed to the call. In this case the answer pattern (AB = 01) from inbound temporarily changes to AB = 00. Answer - conversation state 00 \xdf 01 Billing pulses 00 \xdf 00 Answer - conversation state 00 \xdf 01 Depending on which of the sides hangs up the call first, we have a clear forward signal, or a clear back signal, followed by a clear forward. Idle follows. Clear back 00 \xdf 11 Clear forward 10 01 (or 11) Idle 10 \xdf 10 The table for the inbound TCP instead is the following. State Outbound AfBf (Network) Direction Inbound AbBb (TCP) Idle 10 \xdf 10 Seizure 00 10 Seizure Acknowledged 00 \xdf 11 The seizure acknowledged line state for the inbound TCP lasts for a certain time period. This time period is set to 100 ms in the TCP. After that, a ready to receive bit transition is sent, to signal the network that the TCP is ready to receive the address information. This signal means that the resource dedicated to detect DTMF tones has been allocated. Ready to receive 00 \xdf 01 Once it has detected the ready to receive signal, the outbound side starts to send the address information. This can be done by mean of DTMF tones, or by pulse dial. If the method is pulse dial, the Bf bit is switched on (pulse on) and off (pulse off) repeatedly to signal each digit. Register signaling: digit spill DTMF 01 Register signaling: pulse dial 01 pulse on 01 00 pulse off 01 When all the digits have been received, the inbound side flips the Ab bit to signal that it has enough information. This state is maintained for at least 300 ms. Number received 00 \xdf 11 If the call is accepted, the inbound side play ring tones on the line and then flips the Ab bit to signal AB = 01. Otherwise, it plays busy and flips the Bb bit to signal AB = 10 (idle). Ringing 00 \xdf 11 Answer - conversation state 00 \xdf 01 Depending on which of the sides hangs up the call first, we have a clear forward signal, or a clear back signal, followed by a clear forward. Idle follows. Clear back 00 \xdf 11 Clear forward 10 01 (or 11) Idle 10 \xdf 10
Other parameters program the interaction the TCP has with the host, or act on features not regulated or that can change from switch to switch within the same network. These are changeable, and indeed, the application developer is often asked to do so. These parameters are in the first table below.
7
0x9
0x0
0x01
: Show all states as they are entered
0x02
: Show sent and received digits
0x04
: Show signaling bits
0x08
: Print a description of timeout- related errors
10000
200
90
20000
40000
20
5000
150
80
50
352
440
700
425
1000
4000
500
250
350
0x1
0 DTMF
1 decadic
AND the value of the parameter with this value to extract them.
25
(
)
0x0a0f