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Chapter 15

International Wink Start Protocol

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Signaling Overview

15.3 Parameters

: 15.3.1 Editable Parameters
: 15.3.2 Non-editable Parameters

15.4 Special TCP Behavior

: 15.4.1 Inbound Calls: Retrieving Digits All at Once
: 15.4.2 Inbound Calls: Retrieving Digits One at a Time
: 15.4.3 Outbound Calls: Digit Format

15.1 Introduction

This chapter provides an overview of signaling performed by the protocols covered in the International Wink Start (IWK) TCP. The chapter also provides IWK TCP parameters, and describes all operations that are specific to the IWK TCP within the framework of Natural Call Control.
The IWK TCP implements two variations on the US wink start signaling scheme, in use in two networks in Asia. The networks are in Hong Kong and Taiwan. In both cases T1 trunks are used, with one- or two-bit line signaling in either direction. DTMF or MF tones are used for register signaling.

15.2 Signaling Overview

IWK's line signaling differs only slightly from US Wink Start line signaling.
In Hong Kong, two variations are possible in the Hong Kong Telecom network: Pulse on busy (idle code is AB=00) Pulse on idle (idle code is AB=11)
The two variations execute call setup in exactly the same way, but for the fact that all bit changes are opposite. The IWK TCP uses a parameter to distinguish between the two. The following table represents the "pulse on busy" variation.
In Taiwan, line signaling is the same as US Wink Start, but register signaling differs slightly.
The line signaling for a typical call is illustrated in the following table. State Outbound AfBf Direction Inbound AbBb Idle 00 \xdf 00 Seizure 11 00 Seizure Acknowledge 11 \xdf 00-11-00 (wink) Here the outbound side starts to send the address information. This can be done by means of DTMF tones, MF tones, or decadic pulses. If the method is decadic pulses, the Af bit is switched off (pulse on) and on (pulse off) repeatedly to signal the digits. Register signaling: digit spill DTMF or MF 00 Register signaling: pulse dial 00 pulse on 00 11 pulse off 00 All the address information has been transferred, now the inbound side must accept or reject the call. It does so by playing the ring or the busy tone on the voice path. If the call is rejected, the outbound side is supposed to switch back to signaling AB = 00 (idle) thus clearing the line. Clear forward and idle 00 00 If the call is accepted, the inbound side answers the call by flipping both backward bits to 1. Answer - conversation state 11 \xdf 11 Depending on which of the sides hangs up the call first, we have a clear back signal, or a clear forward signal. Idle follows. Inbound hangs up first: Clear back 11 \xdf 00 Outbound hangs up first: Clear forward 00 00 or 11 Idle 00 \xdf 00
The wink start protocols supported by the IWK TCP only transfer DID (direct inward dialing - the called address) information. This is done by digit spill from the outbound equipment to the inbound equipment.

State	Outbound AfBf	Direction	Inbound AbBb
Idle	00	\xdf	00
Seizure	11		00
Seizure Acknowledge	11	\xdf	00-11-00 (wink)
Here the outbound side starts to send the address information. This can be done by means of DTMF tones, MF tones, or decadic pulses. If the method is decadic pulses, the Af bit is switched off (pulse on) and on (pulse off) repeatedly to signal the digits.
Register signaling: digit spill	DTMF or MF		00
Register signaling: pulse dial	00 pulse on		00
	11 pulse off		00
All the address information has been transferred, now the inbound side must accept or reject the call. It does so by playing the ring or the busy tone on the voice path. If the call is rejected, the outbound side is supposed to switch back to signaling AB = 00 (idle) thus clearing the line.
Clear forward and idle	00		00
If the call is accepted, the inbound side answers the call by flipping both backward bits to 1.
Answer - conversation state	11	\xdf	11
Depending on which of the sides hangs up the call first, we have a clear back signal, or a clear forward signal. Idle follows.
Inbound hangs up first: Clear back	11	\xdf	00
Outbound hangs up first: Clear forward	00		00 or 11
Idle	00	\xdf	00

15.3 Parameters

The IWK TCP is programmed by the parameters described below to implement the specifications of all supported network operators. Caution: Most of the parameters that follow are signaling-specific: changing their value would not only invalidate any approval certificate for the used board, but would also most likely cause the board to malfunction. These parameters are described here for reference purposes only.
Other parameters program the interaction the TCP has with the host, or act on features not regulated or that can change from switch to switch within the same network. These are changeable, and indeed, the application developer is often asked to do so.

Caution:	Most of the parameters that follow are signaling-specific: changing their value would not only invalidate any approval certificate for the used board, but would also most likely cause the board to malfunction. These parameters are described here for reference purposes only.

15.3.1 Editable Parameters

Users can modify the following ADI.IWK parameters: Field Name Type/Unit description Default numdigits number Relevant to inbound protocol. Specifies the number of incoming digits to expect. 7 optionflags number · Relevant to inbound protocols. Flags controlling optional TCP behavior: · Bit 0 (&0x1): variable number of incoming digits: notify the host of an inbound call if a timeout occurs during digit reception (if 1), or reject the call (if 0)? · Bit 1 (&0x2): relevant for Hong Kong only. if 1: Use pulse on idle line signaling. if 0: Use pulse on busy line signaling. · Bit 2 (&0x4): If 1, use MF dialing, if 0, use DTMF. · Bit 3 (&0x8): If 1, dial with decadic pulses (overriding the previous bit).Bit 4 (&0x10): If 1, play cleardown tone while hanging up (inbound). · Bit 4 (&0x10): If 1, play cleardown tone while hanging up (inbound). 0x1 debugmask mask Specifies what trace messages are generated (run agtrace 1000 or higher to see them): · 0x01: Show all states as they are entered. · 0x02: Show sent and received digits. · 0x04: Show signaling bits. · 0x08: Print a description of timeout- related errors. These values can be ORed for cumulative effect. 0x0

Field Name	Type/Unit	description	Default
`numdigits`	number	Relevant to inbound protocol. Specifies the number of incoming digits to expect.	`7`
`optionflags`	number	· Relevant to inbound protocols. Flags controlling optional TCP behavior: · `Bit 0 (&0x1): variable number of incoming digits: notify the host of an inbound call if a timeout occurs during digit reception (if 1), or reject the call (if 0)?` · Bit 1 (&`0x2`): relevant for Hong Kong only. if `1`: Use pulse on idle line signaling. if `0`: Use pulse on busy line signaling. · Bit 2 (&`0x4`): If 1, use MF dialing, if 0, use DTMF. · Bit 3 (&`0x8`): If 1, dial with decadic pulses (overriding the previous bit).Bit 4 (&`0x10`): If 1, play cleardown tone while hanging up (inbound). · `Bit 4 (&0x10): If 1, play cleardown tone while hanging up (inbound).`	`0x1`
`debugmask`	mask	Specifies what trace messages are generated (run `agtrace 1000 or higher to see them):` · `0x01: Show all states as they are entered.` · `0x02: Show sent and received digits.` · `0x04: Show signaling bits.` · `0x08: Print a description of timeout- related errors.` These values can be ORed for cumulative effect.	`0x0`

15.3.2 Non-editable Parameters

The following ADI.IWK parameters are country or network-specific, and cannot be modified. Parameter Name Type/Unit Example Description Bit changes qualification timers - during different phases of the protocol. qualaddron ms 50 Qualification time for signaling bit going to ON, during register signaling phase of call setup. qualaddroff ms 50 Qualification time for signaling bit going to OFF, during register signaling phase of call setup. qualdisconnect ms 150 Qualification time for signaling bit during disconnect. qualpermsignal number (s) 60 Duration of blocking signal, before signaling out of service to the host. Signaling defaults signalingflags ms 0 Specify: · Bit 0 (&0x01): register signaling - if 1, prefix with/expect compelled KP tone. · Bit 1 (&0x02): line signaling - if 1, inbound doesn't send a wink (immediate start). · Highest 4 bits in MF signalling. The "ST" (end-of-pulsing) tone to use defaulttone internal 100 Inbound: default tone the TCP plays on host timeout while receiving inbound call: · 0 = reorder (fast busy) · 1 = ringing · 2 = busy winktime ms 200 Inbound: Specifies the duration of the wink used by the TCP to signal seizure acknowledgment. waitforPCtime ms 10000 Inbound: Specifies the time to wait for the host to answer after an inbound call event has been sent. prewinktime ms 100 Inbound: Time to wait before sending the wink that acknowledges the seizure. Call progress tones parameters. These are the tones inbound puts on the line after register signaling, to accept or reject a call. ringfreq1 Hz 440 Inbound: Specifies the first ring tone frequency. ringfreq2 Hz 480 Inbound: Specifies the second ring tone frequency. ringontime ms 400 Inbound: Specifies the time the ring tone is on in a ring cycle. ringofftime1 ms 200 Inbound: Specifies the duration of the first or only time the ring tone is off in a ring cycle. ringofftime2 ms 3000 Inbound: specifies the duration of the second time the Specifies tone is off in a ring cycle. busyfreq1 Hz 480 Inbound: Specifies the first busy tone frequency. busyfreq2 Hz 620 Inbound: Specifies the second busy tone frequency. busyontime ms 500 Inbound: Specifies the time the busy tone is on in a busy cycle. busyofftime ms 500 Inbound: Specifies the time the busy tone is off in a busy cycle. reorderontime ms 250 Inbound: Specifies the time the congestion tone is on. reorderofftime ms 250 Inbound: Specifies the time the congestion tone is off. CPtoneslevel IDU 350 Inbound: Amplitude of the call progress tones. More timers for the inbound protocol wait1stdigittime ms 350 Inbound: Time to wait after seizure acknowledge for the first digit to arrive. waitfordigitstime ms 350 Inbound: Time to wait for every next digit. Outbound protocol parameters winkwaittime ms 350 Outbound: Time to wait for seizure acknowledge after seizing the line minwinktime ms 100 Outbound: Minimum duration of the seizure acknowledgment wink. maxwinktime ms 4900 Outbound: Maximum duration of the seizure acknowledgment wink. predialtime ms 70 Outbound: Time to wait after the wink to start dialing. mfkpstontime ms 80 Outbound: Duration of the KP and ST tones, if transmitted. mfkpstofftime ms 80 Outbound: Duration of the silence after the KP and ST tones. mfkpstampl IDU 352 Outbound: Amplitude of the KP and ST tones. pulseontime ms 50 Outbound: Duration of a decadic dialing pulse. pulseofftime ms 50 Outbound: Duration of the period between decadic dialing pulses. releaseguardtime ms 1000 Outbound: Time after an outbound call in which the TCP will not place another call. Timers related to the AG Quad board resource management resourcegettimes internal 0x0a0f This parameter addresses a special need of protocols running on a AG Quad board with resource management enabled. If this is the case, for certain operations it is necessary to acquire a resource from a resource pool on the board. The parameter defines to timeouts after which the operation is aborted if a resource is not available. This is a very unlikely occurrence though. Low byte: time to wait for resource before placing a call (15 s) High byte: time to wait for resource when a resource is needed by inbound to release a call (e.g. to play a cleardown tone) (10 s) timeassumedigit ms 0x0 Inbound. Switches have been found, that leave too short a time between MF tones to detect the silence. This parameter covers this case, and is useful to detect two consecutive MF tones representing the same digit. Set to slightly more than the full duration of a MF digit cycle (tone on + off).

Parameter Name	Type/Unit	Example	Description
Bit changes qualification timers - during different phases of the protocol.
`qualaddron`	ms	`50`	Qualification time for signaling bit going to ON, during register signaling phase of call setup.
`qualaddroff`	ms	`50`	Qualification time for signaling bit going to OFF, during register signaling phase of call setup.
`qualdisconnect`	ms	`150`	Qualification time for signaling bit during disconnect.
`qualpermsignal`	number (s)	`60`	Duration of blocking signal, before signaling out of service to the host.
Signaling defaults
`signalingflags`	ms	`0`	Specify: · Bit 0 (&`0x01`): register signaling - if 1, prefix with/expect compelled KP tone. · Bit 1 (&`0x02`): line signaling - if 1, inbound doesn't send a wink (immediate start). · Highest 4 bits in MF signalling. The "ST" (end-of-pulsing) tone to use
`defaulttone`	internal	`100`	Inbound: default tone the TCP plays on host timeout while receiving inbound call: · 0 = reorder (fast busy) · 1 = ringing · 2 = busy
`winktime`	ms	`200`	Inbound: Specifies the duration of the wink used by the TCP to signal seizure acknowledgment.
`waitforPCtime`	ms	`10000`	Inbound: Specifies the time to wait for the host to answer after an inbound call event has been sent.
`prewinktime`	ms	`100`	Inbound: Time to wait before sending the wink that acknowledges the seizure.
Call progress tones parameters. These are the tones inbound puts on the line after register signaling, to accept or reject a call.
`ringfreq1`	Hz	`440`	Inbound: Specifies the first ring tone frequency.
`ringfreq2`	Hz	`480`	Inbound: Specifies the second ring tone frequency.
`ringontime`	ms	`400`	Inbound: Specifies the time the ring tone is on in a ring cycle.
`ringofftime1`	ms	`200`	Inbound: Specifies the duration of the first or only time the ring tone is off in a ring cycle.
`ringofftime2`	ms	`3000`	Inbound: specifies the duration of the second time the Specifies tone is off in a ring cycle.
`busyfreq1`	Hz	`480`	Inbound: Specifies the first busy tone frequency.
`busyfreq2`	Hz	`620`	Inbound: Specifies the second busy tone frequency.
`busyontime`	ms	`500`	Inbound: Specifies the time the busy tone is on in a busy cycle.
`busyofftime`	ms	`500`	Inbound: Specifies the time the busy tone is off in a busy cycle.
`reorderontime`	ms	`250`	Inbound: Specifies the time the congestion tone is on.
`reorderofftime`	ms	`250`	Inbound: Specifies the time the congestion tone is off.
`CPtoneslevel`	IDU	`350`	Inbound: Amplitude of the call progress tones.
More timers for the inbound protocol
`wait1stdigittime`	ms	`350`	Inbound: Time to wait after seizure acknowledge for the first digit to arrive.
`waitfordigitstime`	ms	`350`	Inbound: Time to wait for every next digit.
Outbound protocol parameters
`winkwaittime`	ms	`350`	Outbound: Time to wait for seizure acknowledge after seizing the line
`minwinktime`	ms	`100`	Outbound: Minimum duration of the seizure acknowledgment wink.
`maxwinktime`	ms	`4900`	Outbound: Maximum duration of the seizure acknowledgment wink.
`predialtime`	ms	`70`	Outbound: Time to wait after the wink to start dialing.
`mfkpstontime`	ms	`80`	Outbound: Duration of the KP and ST tones, if transmitted.
`mfkpstofftime`	ms	`80`	Outbound: Duration of the silence after the KP and ST tones.
`mfkpstampl`	IDU	`352`	Outbound: Amplitude of the KP and ST tones.
`pulseontime`	ms	`50`	Outbound: Duration of a decadic dialing pulse.
`pulseofftime`	ms	`50`	Outbound: Duration of the period between decadic dialing pulses.
`releaseguardtime`	ms	`1000`	Outbound: Time after an outbound call in which the TCP will not place another call.
Timers related to the AG Quad board resource management
`resourcegettimes`	internal	`0x0a0f`	This parameter addresses a special need of protocols running on a AG Quad board with resource management enabled. If this is the case, for certain operations it is necessary to acquire a resource from a resource pool on the board. The parameter defines to timeouts after which the operation is aborted if a resource is not available. This is a very unlikely occurrence though. Low byte: time to wait for resource before placing a call (15 s) High byte: time to wait for resource when a resource is needed by inbound to release a call (e.g. to play a cleardown tone) (10 s)
`timeassumedigit`	ms	0x0	Inbound. Switches have been found, that leave too short a time between MF tones to detect the silence. This parameter covers this case, and is useful to detect two consecutive MF tones representing the same digit. Set to slightly more than the full duration of a MF digit cycle (tone on + off).

15.4 Special TCP Behavior

15.4.1 Inbound Calls: Retrieving Digits All at Once

With IWK TCPs, after ADIEVN_INCOMING_CALL is received, the calledaddr field in the ADI_CALL_STATUS structure contains all received digits. The callingaddr, usercategory and tollcategory fields are NULL.
The parameter ADI.IWK.digitnumber determines the number of digits the TCP should expect from the calling party. The default is 7.

15.4.2 Inbound Calls: Retrieving Digits One at a Time

IWK TCPs do not recognize ANI or category digits. Digits are presented in the order in which they arrive. The ADI.IWK.digitnumber parameter determines how many digits to expect.

15.4.3 Outbound Calls: Digit Format

IWK TCPs expect the digit string to be formatted as follows:
d1 dn
ANI and category indicators are not used in IWK TCPs.
In this section we describe the Signaling System Number 5 TCP parameters, and all operations that are specific to the SS5 TCP within the framework of Natural Call Control.

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